The Merchant Navy is one of the most respected and high-paying career paths for those who dream of traveling the world while working at sea. If you’ve ever wondered how to become a merchant navy officer in India, this detailed guide breaks down every stage from eligibility to training and certification.
As a DGS-approved maritime training institute, SSNT College Chennai provides all the essential pre-sea and modular courses required to start your maritime career.
1. What Is the Merchant Navy?
The Merchant Navy is a fleet of commercial ships engaged in transporting cargo and passengers across international waters. Unlike the Indian Navy (which serves defense purposes), the Merchant Navy operates commercially.
There are three key departments onboard ships:
- Deck Department: Navigation, ship safety, and operations.
- Engine Department: Machinery, power generation, and maintenance.
- Catering/Steward Department: Hospitality and onboard services.
Choosing your department early will help determine the right training course.
2. Eligibility Criteria to Join the Merchant Navy
Before enrolling in any maritime course, candidates must meet DGS (Directorate General of Shipping) standards.
Educational Qualification:
- 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics (PCM) for officer-level courses.
- Diploma or ITI for crew-level entry.
Age Limit:
- Minimum: 17 years
- Maximum: 25 years (for deck/engine cadet entry)
Medical Standards:
- Must pass a DGS-approved medical fitness test.
- Perfect eyesight (6/6) and color vision.
SSNT Medical Requirements PPerfect eyesight (6/6) and color vision.
3. Step-by-Step Process to Become a Merchant Navy Officer
Step 1: Choose Your Career Stream
There are three main paths:
- Deck Officer Path – Navigation and ship operations.
- Engine Officer Path – Marine engineering and engine maintenance.
- Rating Path – Crew roles such as seaman, oiler, or cook.
Step 2: Enroll in a DGS-Approved Maritime Training Institute
Choosing the right institute is critical. SSNT College Chennai, approved by the Directorate General of Shipping, offers Basic Safety Training (BST), STSDSD, and other mandatory STCW courses required for all ranks.
Step 3: Complete the Required Pre-Sea and Modular Courses
These foundational courses prepare you for life at sea.
| Course Name | Duration | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Basic Safety Training (BST) | 12 Days | Safety, firefighting, survival |
| STSDSD | 2 Days | Shipboard security duties |
| Advanced Fire Fighting (AFF) | 6 Days | Emergency response leadership |
| PSCRB | 5 Days | Lifeboat and rescue operations |
| Medical First Aid (MFA) | 4 Days | Basic onboard medical training |
Step 4: Obtain STCW Certification
After successful completion, candidates receive STCW (Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping) certificates. These are globally recognized and mandatory for all seafarers.
Step 5: Apply for Shipboard Placement
Once certified, apply through
- Shipping companies
- Manning agencies
- College placement cells (SSNT provides placement support)
Step 6: Complete Sea Service & Examinations
Serve at sea to gain experience, then appear for competency exams conducted by DGS to progress to higher officer ranks.
4. Career Path Progression in the Merchant Navy
| Rank | Department | Typical Experience Required |
|---|---|---|
| Deck Cadet | Deck | Entry-level |
| 3rd Officer | Deck | 12–18 months sea service |
| 2nd Officer | Deck | After competency exam |
| Chief Officer | Deck | After years of experience |
| Captain | Deck | Top-level command position |
5. Benefits of a Merchant Navy Career
- High Salary Packages: Competitive international wages.
- Tax Benefits: Income earned outside India is tax-free (under certain conditions).
- Global Travel: Opportunity to visit multiple countries.
- Adventure and Prestige: Recognized global profession.
- Retirement Options: Early financial independence.
FAQ
Q1. What is the minimum qualification for the Merchant Navy?
You must have completed 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics (PCM).
Q2. Is SSNT College Chennai approved by DGS?
Yes. SSNT College Chennai is a DGS-approved maritime training institute offering certified pre-sea and modular courses.
Q3. What is the duration of Merchant Navy training?
Training ranges from 12 days to 6 months depending on the chosen course.
Q4. Can girls join the Merchant Navy?
Yes. Both male and female candidates can join, provided they meet the physical and medical standards.
Q5. What is the salary after completing Merchant Navy training?
Freshers typically start at $500–$1,000 per month, increasing with experience and rank.
Conclusion
Becoming a Merchant Navy Officer in India is a clear path for those who value discipline, travel, and a global career. By enrolling in a DGS-approved institution like SSNT College Chennai, you can begin your journey toward a rewarding maritime profession with world-class training and strong placement support.
Start Your Journey with SSNT Maritime College
Enrolling in GP Rating or CCMC at SSNT means you’re not just getting trained you’re getting career-ready support. We guide you through the entire CDC process so that you can focus on building your future at sea.